CBSE Class 12 Geography Syllabus 2022-2023

Syllabus for CBSE Class 12 Geography 2022-2023 It is critical to begin early preparations for the CBSE Board Exam 2023 since it contains all of the main elements that are crucial from an examination standpoint. Students will become acquainted with the course structure and will have an understanding of the weightage of several Geography courses for the board exam. This will allow them to concentrate on the most critical sections. The full syllabus will assist them in planning the suitable subject for the board test so that they do not have to rush at the last minute. The details of the map work, as well as the question paper design, are also provided towards the end of the syllabus.

CBSE Class 12 Geography Course Content 2022-2023

Part A: Fundamentals of Human Geography – 90 Periods

Unit 1: Human Geography: Nature and Scope 07 Periods

Unit 2: People – 20 Periods

The World Population- distribution, density and growth Population change – Components of population change, Demographic Transition Human development – concept; selected indicators, international comparisons

Unit 3: Human Activities – 32 Periods

Primary activities – concept and changing trends; gathering, pastoral, mining, subsistence agriculture, modern agriculture; people engaged in agricultural and allied activities – some examples from selected countries Secondary activities- concept; manufacturing: types – household, small scale, large scale; agro based and mineral based industries; Tertiary activities – concept; trade, transport and tourism; services; people engaged in tertiary activities Quaternary activities- concept; people engaged in quaternary activities – case study from selected countries.

Unit 4: Transport, Communication and Trade – 26 Periods

Land transport – roads, railways; transcontinental railways Water transport- inland waterways; major ocean routes Air transport- Intercontinental air routes Oil and gas pipelines Satellite communication and cyber space importance and usage for geographical information; use of GPS International trade- bases and changing patterns; ports as gateways of international trade; role of WTO in international trade

Map Work on identification of features based on 1-5 units on the outline Physical/Political map of World. – 05 Periods

Part B: India: People and Economy 90 Periods

Unit 6: People – 15 Periods

Population: distribution, density and growth; composition of population – linguistic, religious; sex, rural-urban and occupational-regional variations in growth of population

Unit 7: Human Settlements – 10 Periods

Rural settlements – types and distribution Urban settlements – types, distribution and functional classification

Unit 8: Resources and Development – 30 Periods

Land resources- general land use; agricultural land use; geographical conditions and distribution of major crops (Wheat, Rice, Tea, Coffee, Cotton, Jute, Sugarcane and Rubber); agricultural development and problems Water resources-availability and utilization irrigation, domestic, industrial and other uses; scarcity of water and conservation methods-rain water harvesting and watershed management Mineral and energy resources- distribution of metallic (Iron ore, Copper, Bauxite, Manganese); non-metallic (Mica, Salt) minerals; conventional (Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas and Hydroelectricity) and non-conventional energy sources (solar, wind, biogas) and conservation Planning in India- target group area planning (case study); idea of sustainable development (case study)

Unit 9: Transport, Communication and International Trade 

Transport and communication-roads, railways, waterways and airways: oil and gas pipelines; Geographical information and communication net works International trade- changing pattern of India’s foreign trade; sea ports and their hinterland and airports

Unit 10: Geographical Perspective on selected issues and problems – 15 Periods

 Environmental pollution; urban-waste disposal Urbanization, rural-urban migration; problems of slums Land degradation

Map work on locating and labeling of features based on above units on outline map of India. (05 Periods) Part C: Practical Work in Geography Part II – 40 Periods

Unit 1: Processing of Data and Thematic Mapping –  25 PeriodsType and Sources of data:

Primary, Secondary and other sources Tabulating and processing of data; calculation of averages, measures of central tendency Representation of data- construction of diagrams: bars, circles and flowchart; thematic maps; construction of dot; choropleth and isopleths

Unit 2: Spatial Information Technology – 15 Periods

Introduction to GIS; hardware requirements and software modules; data formats; raster and vector data, data input, editing and topology building; data analysis; overlay and buffer.

Prescribed Books: Fundamentals of Human Geography, Class XII, Published by NCERT India – People and Economy, Class XII, Published by NCERT Practical Work in Geography Part II, Class XII, Published by NCERT

Conclusion

The CBSE syllabus for class 12th geography covers a wide range of topics, including physical geography, human geography, and map work. Students will learn about the earth’s landforms, climate, soils, natural vegetation, and wildlife.

FAQs

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